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How to analyze short stories step by step كيفية تحليل الرواية الادبية

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Today we are going to know how to analyze a short stories

Just like in poetry, analyzing short stories has been difficult for many. Weird stories from classics up to the latest must be put to what I called “laboratory dissection”, so that understanding and appreciation will be easy.

Most of our short stories have valuable morals that are hidden within, deep in the words written exquisitely by the author. So it’s up to us readers on how we unearthed them so that the broken communication between the author and the reader will be linked.

There are numerous steps on how we can analyze a short story, but what I will share about is the basic.

The Author

Although this is not applicable in every story, knowing your author may give you a clue on why did he or she wrote such story. For example, we have the father of horror Edgar Allan Poe who rose in times of romanticism and modernism in USA. Poe’s contributions to literature are the classics suspense thriller such as The Black Cat, The Cask of Amontillado, The Raven, and Pit and Pendulum. Poe’s works are surrounded by mystery and tragic, and oftentimes revengeful and scene beyond the human’s imagination. Why such so? It’s because Poe’s lived a life of tragedy and struggle. He suffered setbacks after setbacks. He left by his father when he was two. His mother died. He was disliked by his stepfather. He died poor. That’s what influenced all his writings.

Elements of the short story

Knowing the elements that affects the short story of course can lead you to understand part by part. These are the first basic parts you should know

Characterization

Who are the characters and their role in the story? How it was revealed?

Settings

Where and what time did the story happened?

Plot
- How did it start?
- What is the conflict (problem) revealed by the characters?
- What is the climax?
- What is the resolution?
- How did it end?

Symbolism

Search for something that you don’t understand. Usually these are the parts that answer “why he or she did/said that?”

Look for the topic or certain conflict between or among the characters or in the given situation. There must be symbolism involve in that thing such as metaphor or imagery.

Theme

Theme is divided into two parts: the topic and the thesis statement. For example the story Maze Runner, has a thematic background about a boy who seeks freedom out of a wall and seeks answer why they were put in confinement.

The topic will be ‘a boy who seeks freedom out of a wall’ and the thesis statement is ‘and seeks answer why they were put in confinement’.

Moral

Of course the reason why you are studying literature is to convey what the story wants you know. What is the lesson of the story that the author wanted to convey?

Literature module : Animal_farm story تلخيص

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Here is a summary of Animal_Farm_story

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ANIMAL FARM
BY
GEORGE ORWELL
#SUMMARY
One night, all the animals at Mr. Jones' Manor Farm assemble in a barn to hear old Major, a pig, describe a dream he had about a world where all animals live free from the tyranny of their human masters. old Major dies soon after the meeting, but the animals — inspired by his philosophy of Animalism — plot a rebellion against Jones. Two pigs, Snowball and Napoleon, prove themselves important figures and planners of this dangerous enterprise. When Jones forgets to feed the animals, the revolution occurs, and Jones and his men are chased off the farm. Manor Farm is renamed Animal Farm, and the Seven Commandments of Animalism are painted on the barn wall.
Initially, the rebellion is a success: The animals complete the harvest and meet every Sunday to debate farm policy. The pigs, because of their intelligence, become the supervisors of the farm. Napoleon, however, proves to be a power-hungry leader who steals the cows' milk and a number of apples to feed himself and the other pigs. He also enlists the services of Squealer, a pig with the ability to persuade the other animals that the pigs are always moral and correct in their decisions.
Later that fall, Jones and his men return to Animal Farm and attempt to retake it. Thanks to the tactics of Snowball, the animals defeat Jones in what thereafter becomes known as The Battle of the Cowshed. Winter arrives, and Mollie, a vain horse concerned only with ribbons and sugar, is lured off the farm by another human. Snowball begins drawing plans for a windmill, which will provide electricity and thereby give the animals more leisure time, but Napoleon vehemently opposes such a plan on the grounds that building the windmill will allow them less time for producing food. On the Sunday that the pigs offer the windmill to the animals for a vote, Napoleon summons a pack of ferocious dogs, who chase Snowball off the farm forever. Napoleon announces that there will be no further debates; he also tells them that the windmill will be built after all and lies that it was his own idea, stolen by Snowball. For the rest of the novel, Napoleon uses Snowball as a scapegoat on whom he blames all of the animals' hardships.
Much of the next year is spent building the windmill. Boxer, an incredibly strong horse, proves himself to be the most valuable animal in this endeavor. Jones, meanwhile, forsakes the farm and moves to another part of the county. Contrary to the principles of Animalism, Napoleon hires a solicitor and begins trading with neighboring farms. When a storm topples the half-finished windmill, Napoleon predictably blames Snowball and orders the animals to begin rebuilding it.
Napoleon's lust for power increases to the point where he becomes a totalitarian dictator, forcing "confessions" from innocent animals and having the dogs kill them in front of the entire farm. He and the pigs move into Jones' house and begin sleeping in beds (which Squealer excuses with his brand of twisted logic). The animals receive less and less food, while the pigs grow fatter. After the windmill is completed in August, Napoleon sells a pile of timber to Jones; Frederick, a neighboring farmer who pays for it with forged banknotes. Frederick and his men attack the farm and explode the windmill but are eventually defeated. As more of the Seven Commandments of Animalism are broken by the pigs, the language of the Commandments is revised: For example, after the pigs become drunk one night, the Commandment, "No animals shall drink alcohol" is changed to, "No animal shall drink alcohol to excess."
Boxer again offers his strength to help build a new windmill, but when he collapses, exhausted, Napoleon sells the devoted horse to a knacker (a glue-boiler). Squealer tells the indignant animals that Boxer was actually taken to a veterinarian and died a peaceful death in a hospital — a tale the animals believe.
Years pass and Animal Farm expands its boundaries after Napoleon purchases two fields from another neighboring farmer, Pilkington. Life for all the animals (except the pigs) is harsh. Eventually, the pigs begin walking on their hind legs and take on many other qualities of their former human oppressors. The Seven Commandments are reduced to a single law: "All Animals Are Equal / But Some Are More Equal Than Others." The novel ends with Pilkington sharing drinks with the pigs in Jones' house. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm and quarrels with Pilkington during a card game in which both of them try to play the ace of spades. As other animals watch the scene from outside the window, they cannot tell the pigs from the humans.

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